There are many settings to manipulate, but here we'll be talking about the 3 primary settings that affect the total light that is captured by the sensor / film.
- Shutter Speed - controls how long light passes thru the lens into the sensor / film
- Aperture - controls how large the opening is for the light to enter
- ISO - controls how "sensitive" the sensor / film is
In addition to these 3, the "White Balance" also affects the image, but most modern camera does a fairly good job for the most part if it is allowed to pick this setting.
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- Photography Tutorial
- Getting to Know Your Camera
- Manipulating the Settings of Your Camera
- Checking the EXIF Info of your Images